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Notes

Page history last edited by Benjamin L. Stewart, PhD 8 years, 9 months ago

Day 4 notes:

 

Academic Writing (student sample): APA formatting 

 

Claim: Using cellphones in the class provides the means for English language learners (ELLs) to use the target language in real contexts.

Evidence: According to...., ELLs who use cellphones in their English class are more likely to use cellphones outside of class using the target language, English.

Warrant: Cellphones, which are already a ubiquitous artifact in today's culture, seemlessly shift in and out of various social contexts (e.g., educational and recreational). 

 

Claim: Arguable, specific, based on evidence, etc.

Evidence: Anecdote or based on the literature (sources coming from articles, books, etc.)

Warrant:  The so what test that links or bridges the evidence to the claim.  It also can link to the overall argument or something else mentioned in the text.

 

MEAL Plan

  • Main idea: Topic sentence, claim, or premise to the overall thesis of the paper
  • Evidence: Details, examples, statistics, reasons, facts, etc. that state what, how, why, when, where, with whom, etc.
  • Analyze (warrant): Compare and contrast, synthesize, deduce or conclude, infer, etc., the evidence back to the topic sentence or overall thesis. 
  • Link: Link typically to the next body paragraph or summarize ideas in  current body paragraph.

 

Example 1: One of the challenges that is unique to space is the fact that space is a vacuum, which is a risk for various reasons. First, in a vacuum there is no atmosphere and therefore no air pressure. Without air pressure, the human body has no oxygen to sustain itself. After too many minutes without oxygen, a person would lose consciousness and eventually die. Also, in a vacuum a person's blood will gradually begin to boil. Finally, without an atmosphere, the rays of the Sun can cause radiation poisoning.

 

Another difficulty that is unique to outer space is the presence of meteors and micrometeors. These are pieces of rock and metal that are left over from the formation of the solar system. Many of these objects travel at very high speeds. Under the Earth's blanket of air, people are usually protected from metor impacts. However, in space, people and spaceships are vulnerable to collisions with meteors. It is true that the chance of metor impacts is relatively small, but if even a small micrometeor happens to collide with a spacecraft, it could cause serious damage.

 

A third special challenge involved with the environment of space involves the fact that it is very difficult to find life-sustaining water off the Earth. For example, the planet Mercury, which is closest to the Sun, is too hot to have water, so space travelers must take water from Earth if they want to visit Mercury. A similar situation exists on the planet Venus, second from the Sun. This planet is likewise too hot for water to exist. Similarly, the fourth planet, Mars, is too cold and dry, although there may be some water frozen at the north and south poles of the planet. (source)

 

Example 2: 

 

Students who learn how to write well will earn better grades in most classes.  This is true because most instructors assign a variety of written assignments, and depending on the class, these written assignments often encompass a large percentage of a student’s final grade.  For instance, all college students seeking a degree will be required to take a composition class.  In this class alone, students will write five different essays.  Furthermore, other classes, such as history, psychology, nursing, etc., also require students to write multiple essays.  According to John Doe, a Professor of English at Aims Community College, the average undergraduate student will write twenty-five different essays while seeking a bachelor’s degree.  This number increases dramatically for students who go on to seek a graduate degree(s).  Because all students, regardless of major, will be required to compose a large number of essays, it is important that they learn how to write well. (source)

 

 


 

 

Day 3 notes:

Practical problem>researchable problem>problem statement>thesis statement>”skeleton”>paragraph development

Feedback & Paragraph development

 

A conscious understanding of English resides in teaching grammar in its form and function by providing explicit rules so that students internalize the language. For example, learners prefer to be taught the formal study of grammar rules, and they believe that learning explicit grammatical rules is essential for them to have them in mind and understand the language (Sadiq, 2010, p. 149). In this context, explicit grammar instruction helps to create a mental representation of the form, so students remember the structure in their minds for a later use. Deductive instruction, teaching by explaining grammar rules explicitly, produces a better and long lasting learning than implicit teaching (Singh, 2011, p.57). As the learners receive grammar rules, they structure the language form creating a schema in their minds and the knowledge they get is more meaningful because they are learning how language is constructed and used instead of just trying to guess the way of using it. Teaching grammar in English classes reaffirms what students already know about the language by helping them to use the rules more consciously and assimilating how the language is formed. As the explicit grammar instruction is beneficial for English learners, some teachers think it is harmful for language learning development.

 

 

 


 

 

Day 2 notes:

I want to find how teacher feedback can encourage ss teacher to support their teaching practices on theory

Feedback can encourage ss teacher to support their teaching practices on theory by 1), 2) and 3).

Thesis statement: Formative assessment given throughout the class can help speakers of L2 to communicate with each other by using academic prompts, using personal blogs, and annotations via Word Online.

 

    • Topic sentence 1: Academic Prompts…
    • Topic sentence 2: Personal blogs…
    • Topic sentence 3: Word online…

 

Thesis statement (claim): Topic + opinion + reasons, ways, etc.

Topic sentence (claim): Topic + opinion

 

 


 

 

Day 1 notes:

(topic) I am interested in teacher feedback because (research questions/hypothesis) I want to find out when giving feedback allows students to feel more confident when speaking L2 with their peers (significance, "so what?") in order to answer the bigger question of how teacher intervention can either promote or discourage student's oral production in class.        

 

    • Topic sentence 1: Academic Prompts…
    • Topic sentence 2: Personal blogs…
    • Topic sentence 3: Word online…

 

Claims

It is true.

  

  • ·         An opinion
  • ·         Ongoing
  • ·         A belief

 

 

A claim is 1) arguable or debatable, 2)  specific, and 3) it is supported by evidence.

 

A claim is not 1) a question, 2) an imperative or a command

 

 

 

 

 

 

Day 3 notes:

Practical problem>researchable problem>problem statement>thesis statement>”skeleton”>paragraph development

Feedback & Paragraph development

 

A conscious understanding of English resides in teaching grammar in its form and function by providing explicit rules so that students internalize the language. For example, learners prefer to be taught the formal study of grammar rules, and they believe that learning explicit grammatical rules is essential for them to have them in mind and understand the language (Sadiq, 2010, p. 149). In this context, explicit grammar instruction helps to create a mental representation of the formso students remember the structure in their minds for a later useDeductive instructionteaching by explaining grammar rules explicitlyproduces a better and long lasting learning than implicit teaching (Singh, 2011, p.57). As the learners receive grammar rulesthey structure the language form creating a schema in their minds and the knowledge they get is more meaningful because they are learning how language is constructed and used instead of just trying to guess the way of using itTeaching grammar in English classes reaffirms what students already know about the language by helping them to use the rules more consciously and assimilating how the language is formedAs the explicit grammar instruction is beneficial for English learners, some teachers think it is harmful for language learning development.

 

 


 

Day 2 notes:

I want to find how teacher feedback can encourage ss teacher to support their teaching practices on theory

Feedback can encourage ss teacher to support their teaching practices on theory by 1), 2) and 3).

Thesis statement: Formative assessment given throughout the class can help speakers of L2 to communicate with each other by using academic prompts, using personal blogs, and annotations via Word Online.

  

    • Topic sentence 1: Academic Prompts…
    • Topic sentence 2: Personal blogs…
    • Topic sentence 3: Word online…

 

Thesis statement (claim): Topic + opinion + reasons, ways, etc.

Topic sentence (claim): Topic + opinion

 


 

Day 1 notes:

(topic) I am interested in teacher feedback because (research questions/hypothesis) I want to find out when giving feedback allows students to feel more confident when speaking L2 with their peers (significance, "so what?") in order to answer the bigger question of how teacher intervention can either promote or discourage student's oral production in class.        

 

    • Topic sentence 1: Academic Prompts…
    • Topic sentence 2: Personal blogs…
    • Topic sentence 3: Word online…

 

Claims

It is true.

  

  • ·         An opinion
  • ·         Ongoing
  • ·         A belief

 

 

A claim is 1) arguable or debatable, 2)  specific, and 3) it is supported by evidence.

 

A claim is not 1) a question, 2) an imperative or a command

 

 

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